How Gut Bacteria 'Talks' to Your Brain Might Affect Your Mood, Memory, and More - Science in the News

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By Amber Bennett

You likely know that your brain "talks" to your belly via electrical and chemical signals to control bodily tasks, such as digestion. But did you know that your belly talks back?

How the Brain Talks to the Belly

The brain sends electrical signals to the belly through the vagus nerve. It also sends chemical signals (hormones) through the bloodstream. These signals are what make us feel full or hungry. Plus, they determine how quickly we digest food.

How the Belly Talks Back

Did you know that your digestive process is helped along by microbes in your stomach and intestines? These microorganisms take in food and release waste molecules, which act as chemical signals that "talk" to organs throughout the body. 

For example, microbial signals sent to the immune system can help prevent infections. Signals are also sent along the vagus nerve and in the bloodstream. Some of these messages are sent to the brain and can impact your mood and even your memory.

What About Probiotics?

As a result of research into how the microbiome works, scientists have created a variety of probiotics, microbes you can ingest. Although the labels on probiotic products make many claims, human trials into their effectiveness are just getting underway.

If you want to nourish your microbiome, scientists say the best way is to eat a healthy diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables. Go figure.

Want to learn more? Check out this article in Science News for Students.